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al-Ashraf Khalil
Mamluk sultan (r. 1290–1293) who took Acre in 1291, ending the crusader states in the Levant
Mamluk sultan (r. 1290–1293) who took Acre in 1291, ending the crusader states in the Levant
The Mamluk sultan al-Ashraf Khalil captured Acre, the last crusader stronghold, ending the crusader states in the Levant.
From the Council of Clermont to the fall of Acre — two centuries of war between Latin Europe and the Islamic world over the Holy Land