U. S. Naval Academy · Public domain · Source
Commander killed defending Gwangseongbo against the Americans in 1871
When US forces invaded Ganghwa in 1871, he led the defenders of Gwangseongbo and fought to the end. The commander's flag (sujagi) the Americans captured there returned to Korea on long-term loan in 2007. After the expedition the Heungseon Daewongun set up anti-Western steles across the country.
A US squadron sent over the General Sherman incident attacked Ganghwa. Eo Jae-yeon fell at Gwangseongbo, and the Daewongun put up steles rejecting peace with the West.
Gojong's father and regent, who rebuilt Gyeongbokgung and rejected Western trade
From the Opium War to the Boxer Protocol — sixty years in which China, Japan and Korea, forced open by Western gunboats, each tried to reform and went separate ways
From dolmens to the Treaty of Ganghwa — Goryeo’s refuge capital and the stage of Korea’s opening, the island the kingdom fell back on in every crisis