CultureGoguryeo Gakjeochong mural (late 4th–early 5th c.)

Ssireum

Also called: Korean wrestling

A traditional contest of strength and skill in which wrestlers grip each other’s satba belts and try to throw each other. It is depicted in the Goguryeo Gakjeochong mural, and in 2018 it became the first heritage jointly inscribed by South and North Korea on the list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

Kim Hong-do’s Ssireum, from the Danwon pungsokdo album, National Museum of Korea
Kim Hong-do’s Ssireum, from the Danwon pungsokdo album, National Museum of Korea

단원 김홍도 (檀園 金弘道, 1745 - 1816 이후) · Public domain · Source

Ssireum is a game and sport in which two people grip the satba belts tied around each other’s waist and thigh and contest with strength and skill; whoever makes the opponent’s body touch the ground first wins. A mural in the Goguryeo tomb Gakjeochong at Ji’an shows two men grappling, so the tomb is also called the "Wrestlers’ Tomb". One of them, with large eyes and a high nose, is sometimes taken to be a man from Central Asia.

There are records of ssireum in Goryeo too, and in Joseon every village held bouts on holidays such as Dano and Baekjung, the winner sometimes taking home a bull as a prize. Kim Hong-do’s genre painting Ssireum vividly captures even the onlookers around the ring.

In 2018 "Traditional Korean wrestling (Ssirum/Ssireum)", nominated jointly by South and North Korea, was inscribed by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, the first heritage the two Koreas inscribed together.

The map in AD 400

OpenFreeMap © OpenMapTiles © OpenStreetMap contributors

States and rulers at the time

People

  • Kim Hong-do (Danwon)1745

    related figure · Court painter who portrayed King Jeongjo and is best known for genre scenes of commoners such as The Village School and Ssireum; he died around 1806

Before and after

Themes that include this event

  • Intangible and World Heritage2000 BC – 1850

    From the dolmens to Namhansanseong on the World Heritage List, from Jongmyo ritual music to ssireum on the Intangible Heritage lists — where each came from and when it was inscribed