Dante Alighieri
Also called: Dante
Florentine poet who wrote the Divine Comedy in Tuscan rather than Latin, opening the way for Italian literature and the Renaissance
Born to a family of minor nobility in Florence, he idealised all his life Beatrice, whom he met at nine, and wrote the Vita Nuova in her honour. As a politician of the pro-papal Guelph party he served as one of Florence’s chief magistrates, but when the party split he was condemned to death by his opponents and banished. Besides the Comedy he wrote, in Latin, De vulgari eloquentia on the worth of the vernacular and De monarchia in defence of imperial power. He never returned home, dying at Ravenna, where he is buried.