Person1175 – 1248

Subutai

Also called: Sübe’etei

General of Genghis Khan and Ögedei, who with Jebe defeated the Rus at the Kalka and was the operational commander of Batu’s European campaign

Where they went

1
1219 – 1221Mongol Invasion of Khwarazmcommander
After a Mongol caravan and envoys were killed at Otrar, Genghis Khan attacked the Khwarazmian Empire. Bukhara, Samarkand and the other great cities of Central Asia fell.
2
1223Battle of the Kalka Rivercommander
Jebe and Subutai, scouting west during the Khwarazmian campaign, routed an army of Rus princes and Cumans (Polovtsians) on the Kalka River — the first clash between the Mongols and Europe.
1236 – 1242Mongol Invasion of Europecommander
Genghis Khan’s grandson Batu destroyed Volga Bulgaria and the Rus principalities and struck as far as Poland and Hungary. On the death of Ögedei he withdrew and founded the Golden Horde.
3
1241Battle of Mohicommander
Batu and Subutai surrounded and annihilated the army of King Béla IV of Hungary at Mohi on the Sajó River. Hungary was ravaged until the Mongols withdrew the next year.

Batu Khan1207 – 1255
Grandson of Genghis Khan who led the European campaign of 1236–1242 and founded the Golden Horde with its capital at Sarai on the Volga
Genghis Khan1162 – 1227
Founder of the Mongol Empire, born Temüjin, proclaimed Genghis Khan at the kurultai of 1206; he attacked Western Xia, Jin and Khwarazm
Muhammad II of Khwarazm1220
Khwarazmian sultan whose killing of Mongol envoys provoked the Mongol invasion; he fled and died on an island in the Caspian Sea
Jalal al-Din Mingburnu1231
Last Khwarazmian sultan, defeated by Genghis Khan on the Indus in 1221; he escaped across the river and resisted for a decade
Ögedei Khan1186 – 1241
Third son of Genghis Khan and second Great Khan, who destroyed the Jin, walled Karakorum and sent armies against Goryeo and Europe
Béla IV of Hungary1206 – 1270
King of Hungary, routed by the Mongols at Mohi in 1241, who after their withdrawal rebuilt the kingdom with a programme of castle building

The Mongol Conquests1206 – 1294
From the rise of Genghis Khan to the Yuan conquest of the Song — eighty years in which the Mongols swept Eurasia from Goryeo to Hungary