Politics8 September 1945 – 15 August 1948

US Army Military Government in Korea

US troops landed at Incheon and set up a military government south of the 38th parallel; in the north, Soviet forces ruled through people’s committees.

US troops lowering the Japanese flag at the Government-General Building during the surrender ceremony, 9 September 1945
US troops lowering the Japanese flag at the Government-General Building during the surrender ceremony, 9 September 1945

Official US Navy photo 80-G-391464 · Public domain · Source

South of the 38th parallel, US troops landed at Incheon on 8 September 1945 and accepted the Government-General’s surrender the next day. Declaring itself the only lawful government in the south, the military government ruled directly and recognized neither the Provisional Government nor the People’s Republic of Korea. For administrative stability it kept many colonial officials and police in place.

North of the line, Soviet troops had arrived in August. They ruled indirectly through local people’s committees and backed Kim Il Sung and other communists.

The map in 1945

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States and rulers at the time
US Army Military Government in Korea · established
United States · occupying force — President Harry S. Truman
Soviet Civil Administration
Soviet Union · occupying force — Leader Joseph Stalin

Before and after