al-Khwarizmi
Also called: Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, al-Khwārizmī
Mathematician and astronomer of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad; the word “algebra” comes from the title of his book, and “algorithm” from his name
Said to have come from Khwarazm in Central Asia, he worked at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad under Caliph al-Mamun. In his book on calculation by completion and balancing he set out systematic methods for solving linear and quadratic equations. His treatise on calculating with Indian numerals, translated into Latin, introduced zero and place-value notation to Europe. He also produced astronomical tables and a geography revising Ptolemy.