Phan Bội Châu
Also called: Phan Boi Chau
Vietnamese nationalist who founded the Modernization Society, led the Đông Du (Go East) movement sending students to Japan and wrote the History of the Loss of Vietnam
A Confucian scholar who came first in the regional examination of 1900, he chose the independence struggle over an official career. When the Đông Du movement was shut down in Japan he moved to China and, inspired by the Xinhai Revolution, founded the Vietnam Restoration League in Guangzhou in 1912 with a republic as its goal. Seized by French police in Shanghai in 1925 and sentenced to life at hard labour, he was freed after protests across Vietnam but kept confined in Huế, under French watch, until his death.