Robert Clive
Also called: Clive of India, 1st Baron Clive
Soldier and governor of Bengal for the British East India Company, whose victory at Plassey opened British rule in India
Born into a landed family in Shropshire, England, he went out to Madras at eighteen as a clerk of the East India Company. He made his name in the Carnatic wars against the French by holding Arcot in 1751. After Plassey he amassed a great fortune and, as governor of Bengal twice, set up the “dual government” in which the Company collected revenue while the Nawab nominally ruled. Back home he was investigated by Parliament for corruption but escaped censure, and he died in London in 1774.