Politics1911

Gyeonghaksa and the Sinheung School in Western Jiandao

Sinminhoe members including the Yi Hoe-yeong brothers and Yi Sang-ryong moved to Samwonbo in western Jiandao and founded the self-governing Gyeonghaksa and the Sinheung school to train independence fighters.

Yi Hoe-yeong, who moved to western Jiandao with his brothers and founded the Sinheung school
Unknown author · Public domain · Source

Around the annexation, activists built bases abroad for a long war of independence. In 1911 the Gyeonghaksa was founded at Samwonbo in Liuhe County to look after Korean settlers’ farming and schooling, together with the Sinheung school for training soldiers. The Gyeonghaksa developed into the Buminhoe and Hanjokhoe, and the school became the Sinheung Military Academy in 1919, whose 3,500 or so graduates formed the core of the independence armies.

In northern Jiandao there were the Seojeon and Myeongdong schools at Yongjeong and the Ganminhoe, and at Mishan the settlement of Hanheung-dong. In the Russian Maritime Province there were the Gwonophoe and the Gwangbokgun Government at Sinhanchon; in America the Korean National Association (1910) and Park Yong-man’s Korean National Brigade (1914, Hawaii); in Shanghai the Dongjesa (1912).

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States at the time: Republic of China
Places: Samwonbo (Sanyuanpu)

People

Yi Hoe-yeong1867 – 1932
leader · Sold his family estate with his five brothers and founded the Gyeonghaksa and Sinheung school in western Jiandao
Yi Seok-yeong1855 – 1934
leader · Elder brother of Yi Hoe-yeong who gave the great fortune he had inherited from his adoptive father Yi Yu-won to found the Sinheung school, and died in poverty in Shanghai
Yi Si-yeong1869 – 1953
participant · Younger brother of Yi Hoe-yeong who went into exile with his brothers, helped found the Sinheung school, served the Provisional Government as Minister of Justice and Finance and became the first Vice President of the Republic of Korea
Yi Sang-ryong1858 – 1932
leader · Head of the Imcheonggak house of Andong, founder of the Gyeonghaksa and first State Councillor of the Provisional Government
Yi Dong-nyeong1869 – 1940
participant · Sinminhoe member who helped found the Sinheung school in western Jiandao and served as Speaker of the Provisional Assembly and head of the Provisional Government

Before and after

Earlier: 1911 Case of the 105
Later: 1911 National Movements of the Religious Communities