ConflictSeptember 936(Lunar)

Battle of Illicheon

Wang Geon, with Gyeon Hwon at his side, crushed Singeom’s Later Baekje army at Illicheon; Singeom surrendered at Hwangsan, Later Baekje fell and Goryeo reunified the Later Three Kingdoms.

With Gyeon Hwon in the van and nearly 100,000 men, Wang Geon met Singeom’s army at Illicheon near Seonsan in present-day Gumi. Seeing their old king, Later Baekje commanders surrendered one after another; Goryeo won decisively and pursued Singeom to Hwangsan (Nonsan), where he surrendered. Yu Geum-pil was among the leading generals.

Gyeon Hwon soon died of illness at a temple in Hwangsan, where Wang Geon founded Gaetaesa to commemorate the unification. With Silla’s submission and Later Baekje’s fall Goryeo reunited the peninsula and, having already taken in the Balhae refugees, is regarded as having achieved a true reunification of the nation.

The map in AD 936

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States and rulers at the time
Goryeo · victor — Taejo (Wang Geon)
Later Baekje · fell — Singeom
Places
Illicheon (Seonsan, Gumi)

People

  • Taejo Wang GeonAD 877 – AD 943

    commander · Songak magnate who served Gung Ye, took Naju, overthrew Gung Ye to found Goryeo in 918 and reunified the Later Three Kingdoms in 935–936

  • Gyeon HwonAD 867 – AD 936

    participant · Silla soldier from Gaeun in Sangju who founded Later Baekje at Wansan-ju in 900; deposed by his son Singeom, he defected to Goryeo

  • Singeom

    monarch · Gyeon Hwon's eldest son, who confined his father at Geumsansa and took the throne, but surrendered to Goryeo after the Battle of Illicheon in 936

  • Yu Geum-pilAD 941

    commander · Goryeo general who distinguished himself at the battles of Gochang and Illicheon

Before and after