PersonAD 877 – AD 943

Taejo Wang Geon

Songak magnate who served Gung Ye, took Naju, overthrew Gung Ye to found Goryeo in 918 and reunified the Later Three Kingdoms in 935–936

In 903 he led a fleet to take Naju behind Later Baekje’s lines and married the daughter of the local magnate O Da-ryeon (Queen Janghwa). The year after founding Goryeo he moved the capital to Songak. He was badly defeated by Gyeon Hwon at Gongsan in 927 but seized the initiative by winning at Gochang in 930. In 935 he accepted the surrender of King Gyeongsun of Silla and made him sasimgwan of Gyeongju, and in 936 he defeated Singeom at Illicheon. He also took in Balhae refugees, including Crown Prince Dae Gwang-hyeon.

He won over the hojok by marrying their daughters and granting the royal surname Wang, and kept them in check with the sasimgwan and giin systems. He cut taxes to one-tenth of the harvest, set up the Heukchang granaries and granted merit land (yeokbunjeon) in 940. He made the Western Capital (Pyongyang) the base for northern expansion and spurned the Khitan in the Manbugyo incident of 942. He left the Ten Injunctions and the Jeonggye and Gyebaengnyoseo, guides for officials.

Where they went

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11 related events

  1. 1
    AD 901Gung Ye Founds Later Goguryeorelated figure

    Gung Ye, who had risen under the warlord Yanggil and taken Gangwon, Gyeonggi and Hwanghae, founded Later Goguryeo at Songak in 901.

  2. 2
    AD 903Wang Geon Takes Najucommander

    Gung Ye’s general Wang Geon led a fleet to seize Geumseong and some ten other districts behind Later Baekje’s lines, renaming Geumseong as Naju.

  3. 3

    Hong Yu, Bae Hyeon-gyeong, Sin Sung-gyeom and Bok Ji-gyeom overthrew Gung Ye and raised Wang Geon to the throne; he named the state Goryeo with the era name Cheonsu.

  4. 4
    AD 927Battle of Gongsancommander

    After Gyeon Hwon sacked Gyeongju and drove King Gyeongae to his death, Wang Geon marched to Silla’s aid but was routed by Later Baekje at Dongsu on Mount Gongsan; Sin Sung-gyeom died in his place.

  5. 5
    AD 930Battle of Gochangcommander

    Wang Geon crushed Gyeon Hwon’s Later Baekje army at Gochang (Andong), winning Goryeo the initiative among the Later Three Kingdoms.

  6. 6

    Deposed by his eldest son Singeom and confined at Geumsansa, Gyeon Hwon escaped and went over to Goryeo.

  7. 7

    Silla’s last king, Gyeongsun, after consulting his court, surrendered his kingdom to Goryeo, ending 992 years of Silla.

  8. 8

    Wang Geon both embraced and checked the regional lords, pursued a northward policy, and left his successors the Ten Injunctions before he died.

  9. 9
    AD 936Battle of Illicheoncommander

    Wang Geon, with Gyeon Hwon at his side, crushed Singeom’s Later Baekje army at Illicheon; Singeom surrendered at Hwangsan, Later Baekje fell and Goryeo reunified the Later Three Kingdoms.

  10. 10

    Having reunified the Later Three Kingdoms, Taejo Wang Geon granted land to those who had served in the wars, by merit and character.

  11. 11

    When the Khitan sent fifty camels, King Taejo exiled their envoys to an island as emissaries of the state that had destroyed Balhae, and left the camels to starve under Manbu Bridge.

Related works

  • TV drama: Taejo Wang GeonDramatizedTV drama · 2000 · KBS1
  • TV episode: Naked Korean History Episode 4: Gung Ye the Mind Reader — Why Couldn't He Read Wang Geon's Mind?TV episode · 2022 · Lim Ki-hwan · tvN STORY

Dramatized works (films, dramas, novels) may differ from the historical record.

People who appear alongside

  • Gyeon HwonAD 867 – AD 936

    Silla soldier from Gaeun in Sangju who founded Later Baekje at Wansan-ju in 900; deposed by his son Singeom, he defected to Goryeo

  • Gung YeAD 918

    Monk said to be of Silla royal blood who rose under Yanggil, founded Later Goguryeo at Songak in 901 and renamed it Majin and Taebong; styling himself the Maitreya Buddha, he ruled harshly and was overthrown

  • Sin Sung-gyeomAD 927

    Goryeo founding general who wore Wang Geon's armour at the Battle of Gongsan and died so that his king could escape

  • King GyeongsunAD 978

    Last king of Silla, who surrendered the kingdom to Goryeo in 935 and was made sasimgwan of Gyeongju

  • Yu Geum-pilAD 941

    Goryeo general who distinguished himself at the battles of Gochang and Illicheon

  • Singeom

    Gyeon Hwon's eldest son, who confined his father at Geumsansa and took the throne, but surrendered to Goryeo after the Battle of Illicheon in 936

  • Yanggil

    Late Silla strongman of Bugwon (Wonju) under whom Gung Ye rose, and who was later defeated by him

  • King GyeongaeAD 927

    55th king of Silla, forced to kill himself when Gyeon Hwon stormed Gyeongju in 927

Themes this person appears in

  • Changes in the Land SystemAD 687 – 1950

    From nogeup to the end of office land — how the rights granted to officials shrank, and gave way to modern land ownership

  • Changes in TaxationAD 755 – 1894

    From land tax, tribute and labour to cash taxes in the Gabo Reform — burdens shifting from people and households to land

  • Local Administration Through the AgesAD 250 – 1896

    From the five regions of the Three Kingdoms through nine provinces, the five circuits and two frontiers and the eight provinces to the thirteen — how directly the centre came to rule the regions

  • Pyongyang194 BC – 2007

    From Wanggeom-seong of Gojoseon to the inter-Korean summits — capital of Goguryeo, Western Capital of Goryeo, the great city on the Taedong

  • GaeseongAD 901 – 2003

    From Wang Geon, lord of Songak, to the Kaesong Industrial Complex — Gaegyeong, Goryeo’s capital for five centuries, and home of the Song merchants

  • Gyeongju57 BC – 1860

    Silla’s capital for a thousand years — tombs, pagodas, temples and bells from every age of Silla, and the birthplace of Donghak

  • AndongAD 930 – 1940

    From the Battle of Gochang that helped found Goryeo to Yi Hwang’s Dosan Seowon — home of Goryeo wooden halls and Yeongnam Confucianism

  • DaeguAD 689 – 1960

    Dalgubeol, where King Sinmun tried to move his capital — where the National Debt Repayment Movement and the 2·28 student protest began

  • JeonjuAD 685 – 1894

    From Wansanju, capital of Later Baekje, to the ancestral seat of the Joseon royal house — where the Annals were saved and the Donghak army took the fortress