Science14 February 1990

Pale Blue Dot

Also called: Family Portrait, Voyager family portrait

On 14 February 1990 Voyager 1, six billion kilometres out, turned its camera back and photographed the planets. In one frame the Earth was a single dot in a shaft of sunlight. Carl Sagan called it the Pale Blue Dot.

The Pale Blue Dot — the Earth in a shaft of sunlight, from Voyager 1 six billion km away (2020 reprocessing)
The Pale Blue Dot — the Earth in a shaft of sunlight, from Voyager 1 six billion km away (2020 reprocessing)

NASA/JPL-Caltech · Public domain · Source

With Neptune behind them and no more use for the cameras, Carl Sagan persuaded NASA to turn the probe round one last time to photograph the Earth. Many objected that pointing the camera near the Sun could damage it. On 14 February 1990 Voyager 1, 32° above the plane of the planets, took sixty frames of a “family portrait” showing Venus, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Voyager’s cameras were never switched on again.

The Earth was a dot smaller than one pixel, floating in a band of sunlight scattered inside the camera. In his 1994 book Pale Blue Dot, Sagan reflected that everyone we have known and all of history happened on that tiny dot, and argued that we should deal more kindly with one another and cherish the only home we have ever known.

The map in 1990

OpenFreeMap © OpenMapTiles © OpenStreetMap contributors

States and rulers at the time
United States — President George H. W. Bush
Places
Jet Propulsion Laboratory

People

  • Carl Sagan1934 – 1996

    key figure · American astronomer and writer who led the making of the Voyager Golden Record and persuaded NASA to turn Voyager 1 around in 1990 to photograph the Earth from six billion kilometres — the Pale Blue Dot. Author of Cosmos

Before and after

Themes that include this event

  • Space Exploration1957 – 2012

    From Sputnik, the first artificial satellite, to Apollo 11’s first landing on the Moon, Apollo 13’s return from behind it and the Voyagers, which passed the outer planets and went on into interstellar space — the paths of the people and probes that left the Earth