Injo

Where they went

7 related events

1. 1
   1623Injo Restorationleader

   The Westerner faction deposed Gwanghaegun and enthroned Prince Neungyang as King Injo; the new pro-Ming stance soured relations with the Later Jin.

2. 2
   1624 – 1626Namhansanseong Fortress, Gwangjumonarch

   A mountain fortress rebuilt under King Injo to guard the capital from the south. King Injo held out here for 47 days in the Second Manchu Invasion; it became a World Heritage Site in 2014.

3. 3
   1624Yi Gwal’s Rebellionmonarch

   Yi Gwal, a general of the Injo Restoration aggrieved at his reward, rebelled in Pyeongan Province and occupied Hanyang; King Injo fled to Gongju.

4. 4
   1627First Manchu Invasionmonarch

   The Later Jin invaded with 30,000 troops; King Injo fled to Ganghwa, and the war ended with a pact making the two states “elder and younger brothers”.

5. 5
   1635Yeongjeong Lawmonarch

   Injo fixed the land tax at 4 to 6 du of rice per gyeol regardless of the harvest.

6. 6
   1636 – 1637Second Manchu Invasion of Koreamonarch

   Qing invaded Joseon. King Injo held out at Namhansanseong before surrendering at Samjeondo.

7. 7
   1682Five Army Camps completedrelated figure

   King Sukjong set up the Geumwiyeong, completing the system of Five Army Camps together with the Hullyeon Dogam, Eoyeongcheong, Chongyungcheong and Sueocheong.

Related works

People who appear alongside

• Choe Myeong-gil1586 – 1647

  Westerner who helped stage the Injo Restoration and led the case for making peace with Qing in the Second Manchu Invasion; also versed in Yangming learning

• 
  Hong Taiji1592 – 1643

  Khan of the Later Jin and first emperor of Qing, who invaded Joseon twice

• 
  Gwanghaegun1575 – 1641

  Fifteenth king of Joseon who began the Daedong law and balanced Ming and the Later Jin; deposed in 1623

• Yi Gwal1587 – 1624

  General of the Injo Restoration who, rewarded only as a second-rank merit subject, rebelled in 1624, briefly took Hanyang and was killed by his own men

• Kim Sang-heon1570 – 1652

  Westerner who led the call to fight on against Qing at Namhansanseong in the Second Manchu Invasion and was taken to Shenyang

• 
  Sukjong1661 – 1720

  Nineteenth king of Joseon, who used factional reversals to strengthen the throne

• 
  Hyojong1619 – 1659

  Seventeenth king of Joseon; a former hostage in Qing who planned a northern campaign and sent troops against Russia

Themes this person appears in

• Factional Politics in Joseon1498 – 1863

  From the literati purges to in-law government — how Sarim factions moved from coexistence and checks to purges and one-faction rule, then through Tangpyeong to the dominance of a few clans

• Changes in TaxationAD 755 – 1894

  From land tax, tribute and labour to cash taxes in the Gabo Reform — burdens shifting from people and households to land

• Ming, Qing and Edo Japan1500 – 1800

  The age when the Ming, shaken by northern raiders, southern pirates and the silver economy, fell to Li Zicheng’s rebels, and the Manchu Qing reached its greatest extent and prosperity under Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong — as Japan was unified out of the Warring States into the Edo shogunate’s bakuhan order and closed country, and Joseon, after two great wars, met its neighbours through embassies to Edo and the Northern Learning

• Islamic Empires and the Atlantic World1500 – 1800

  Three centuries in which the Ottomans of Suleiman I, the Mughals of Akbar and the Safavids of Abbas I flourished and then faltered, while across the Atlantic the slave trade and colonies transformed the Americas, leading to American independence

• Military Systems Through the AgesAD 685 – 1907

  From the Nine Oath Banners to the Two Armies and Six Guards, the Five Commands and garrison system, the Five Army Camps and the Board of Marshals — armies rebuilt at every crisis

• Reformation and Absolutism1517 – 1796

  From Luther’s Ninety-five Theses to Catherine the Great — the wars of religion of a divided Christendom ended at Westphalia, and absolute monarchs armed with divine right, standing armies, bureaucracies and mercantilism, followed by the enlightened despots of eastern Europe, contended for the balance of power among sovereign states

• Intangible and World Heritage2000 BC – 1850

  From the dolmens to Namhansanseong on the World Heritage List, from Jongmyo ritual music to ssireum on the Intangible Heritage lists — where each came from and when it was inscribed

• Seoul18 BC – 1988

  From Hanseong Baekje to the June Democratic Struggle — the Han River land every kingdom fought for, and Joseon’s capital for five centuries

• Ganghwa Island1000 BC – 2011

  From dolmens to the Treaty of Ganghwa — Goryeo’s refuge capital and the stage of Korea’s opening, the island the kingdom fell back on in every crisis

• GongjuAD 475 – 1894

  From Ungjin, Baekje’s second capital, to Ugeumchi — the town on the Geum River that became the heart of Chungcheong